Sheikh Ţūsī's methodology in occasions of revelation of the Sunnis

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Professor of the Department of Quranic Sciences and Ḥadith, Qom University, Iran

2 Professor of the Department of Jurisprudence and Principles of Al_Mustafa International University, Qom, Iran. (Corresponding Author)

Abstract

Introduction
The Qur'an is a divine miracle that thinkers have made extensive efforts to understand and interpret. To get the correct interpretation of the Quran, you need a variety of sciences that one of them knows Occasions of Revelation (Asbāb_Al_Nuzūl). It plays a significant role in the correct and deep understanding of the verses of the Qur'an, and it makes it familiar with the space of descent and understanding the purpose of the verses. The difference between the Shi'a beliefs, Rijal and Ḥadiths, and the Sunnis is influential in choosing occasions of revelation. However, Sheikh Ţūsī quoted some examples of the descent of the Sunnis in Tafsir_Al_Tibyan. Definitely, the quotation of the revelation of the Sunnis is rooted in the opinion that the quotation of the Sunnis as a method has been common since the time of the innocents (as), and therefore in the early centuries the quotation of the opponents was common among the traditionists. Especially during the Sheikh's time, when there was a lot of effort to create a peaceful cooperation between the school of the Ahl Al-Bayt (as) and the Ahl al-Sunnah, and to prevent the duality between the two schools. But it should be noted that with all the advantages of the approximate method between schools, it should not be overlooked that quoting the traditions of the Sunnis in general and quoting occasions of revelation of their interpretation, especially, will cause interesting content changes or corruptions in the interpretation of the Shi'a, and without taking into account the differences and criteria of quoting, will cause damage to the interpretations of the Shi'a. So, it is necessary to examine the methods of Sheikh Ţūsī in selecting occasions of revelation of the Ahl Al-Bayt.
 
Materials and methods
in this article, which was especially noted for the interpretation of Sheikh Ţūsī, not only because of his preference, which is considered a kind of privilege, but also the abundance of the transfer of occasions of revelation of the Sunnis by him and the influence of his transfer to the subsequent interpretations continued by other commentators, made it possible to consider a special privilege for Sheikh's occasions of revelation. So, this was addressed by reviewing the precious interpretations of Tibytan and some of the quotes of occasions of revelation by Sheikh Ţūsī. Of course, in his Ḥadith compilations, there are also cases where he quoted the reason for the descent as an ḥadith. Before Ţūsī, some other interpretations such as Tafsir Furāt Kufī and Tafsir Qummi do not have the characteristics of Tafsir_Al_Tebyan, but elders such as the Wazīr Maghribī have been the prelude to this method, but the shaking of this method has been done by the Sheikh and has grown over time.
 
Results and findings
This article makes it clear that Sheikh Ţūsī's interpretation of occasions of revelation uses certain methods and criteria, which are usually used in cases where occasions of revelation conflict with each other. These factors have led them to choose the motive for quoting this reason for the descent, although it has been quoted from the sources of the Sunnis, and on this basis, it has quoted the traditions and tools of the Sunnis with acceptance or criticism. Acceptance approach means compliance or non-compliance the reason for the descent of the Sunnis or the Quran, religion, history, consensus, and so on. And critical approach means criticism, exposition, annulment, response or protest against occasions of revelation of the Sunnis.
 
Conclusion
According to the research carried out, it is found that the needs, bottlenecks and basic questions during the time of Sheikh Ţūsī are among the points that have contributed to the mention of occasions of revelation of the Sunnis in Tasfir_Al_Tibyan. The following characteristics can be found in the statement of occasions of revelation by the Sheikh: 1. A controlled Policy and a scientific spirit 2. Admirable order 3. Observing abbreviations in quotes 4. Maintaining Shiite authenticity and non-prejudice in quotes
Although it is not a disadvantage to use or use the resources of the Sunnis in abundance, these quotes have sometimes damaged and sometimes strengthened Sheikh Ţūsī's interpretative theories. Sheikh Ţūsī quoted a lot from the Sunni sources and even quoted more from Ţabarsi in Majma' al_Bayan assembly, according to some researchers.

Keywords

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Hadith Research
Volume 17, Issue 1 - Serial Number 33
33
September 2025
Pages 237-260

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