Muhammad ibn Ahmad Al-Shaybani, as introduced in the majority of Rijal sources, was an anonymous scholar of hadith, of whom had not been narrated, but a few. However, these few remained narrations can be considered as a very source for his lifetime. Based on textual criticism, this study reconstructs his biographical data available in these sources. The period of his life, his teachers, school, and theological beliefs etc. will be studied in order to trace the hadith school of Rey from which most of its scholars migrate to Baghdad at the period of BGyid dynasty. In other words, a historical methodology is applied in the realm of hadith studies to examine a new method. In addition to investigating Shaybani's lifetime, the aim of the study is to present this methodology.