Abstract

The theory of “Person and Personality” is one of the innovations of ʿAllāmeh Hikmatnia, which was defined and presented by him for the first time, and is regarded as one of the most widely applied approaches in resolving complex theological–philosophical problems. One of the most intricate subjects in Islamic theology and philosophy is the Hadiths of ṭīnat, which are considered among the ṣaʿb mustaṣʿab traditions and, due to their deep connection with the issue of determinism and the negation of human free will, have become a highly challenging topic among Shi‘i thinkers.

This study, by presenting the theory of Person and Personality and employing descriptive, analytical, and inferential methods, seeks to explicate this theory and examine its effectiveness in removing the challenge of determinism from the Hadiths of ṭīnat. The study concludes that this theory, by relying on the distinction between the soul (nafs) and ṭīnat and by providing a new meaning for ṭīnat, has been able to resolve the problem of determinism in the Hadiths of ṭīnat and, consequently, the related problems associated with it.



Keywords: Hadiths of the Ahl al-Bayt, Hikmatnia, Person and Personality, ṭīnat and soul (nafs), determinism and free will